Prior to this century, French embassies were essentially "personal" missions: A high official, accompanied by a few aides, was sent abroad to represent his country, often for a limited period of time and with a particular political objective in mind. In recent decades, however, embassies have become permanent "institutional" missions reflecting the complexity and continuity of modern international relations. Today's ambassador has a large staff engaged in a wide variety of activities.
France currently has ambassadors posted in the capitals of all the countries with which it maintains diplomatic relations. They are appointed by the President of the Republic during the weekly meetings of the Council of Ministers. Ambassadors are accredited to the host country's head of state, to whom they present their credentials upon arrival. Upon the conclusion of their mission, they present the head of state their letter of recall.
In some countries, the French diplomatic mission in the national capital is complemented by consulates in major cities. In the United States, for example, there are 11 French General Consulates in addition to the Consulate General attached to the Embassy in Washington, D.C. Consular officials are responsible for protecting the interests of French nationals abroad, be they permanent residents or temporary visitors.
France also maintains diplomatic missions in such international organizations as the United Nations. Each mission is headed by an ambassador, who functions as a permanent representative. Throughout the world, France has a total of 138 embassies, 124 consulates and 13 permanent missions.